IF you have ever heard of CERN, chances are you know it's associated with science and nuclear research.
But what exactly does the institution do? Read on to find out.
What is CERN?
The European Organization for Nuclear Research, known as CERN, operates the largest particle physics laboratory in the world.
It's acronym is derived from the French translation of the institute.
Founded in 1954, CERN is based in northwest Geneva on the Franco-Swiss border and has 23 member states.
CERN's main function is to provide the particle accelerators and other infrastructure needed for high-energy physics.
Numerous high-profile experiments have been constructed at the institute through international collaborations.
CERN is also used to refer to the laboratory, which in 2019 had 2,660staff members, and hosted about 12,400 users from institutions in more than 70 countries.
The iconic CERN is also the birthplace of the World Wide Web.
What is happening at CERN on July 5?
CERN is set for a series of events starting on 3 July with the first celebrations of the ten-year anniversary of the discovery of the Higgs boson particle.
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There is also a scientific symposium on 4 July and on the 5 July there will be collisions at unprecedented energy levels at the Large Hadron Collider.
This will mark the launch of the new physics season at the institute's flagship accelerator.
It comes ten years after ground breaking research was presented on the Higgs Boson to a packed CERN auditorium.
CERN say the events will be looking back at where a decade of Higgs science has brought the field while also looking ahead to new prospects.
What is a Hadron Collider?
The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) is the world’s largest and most powerful particle accelerator.
It first started up on 10 September 2008, and remains the latest addition to CERN’s accelerator complex.
The Large Hadron Collider took a decade to build and cost around $4.75 billion.
It is found 100 meter underground and examines the universe's tiniest particles.
The LHC consists of a 27-kilometer ring of superconducting magnets with a number of accelerating structures to boost the energy of particles.
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Inside the accelerator, two high-energy particle beams travel at close to the speed of light before they are made to collide.
Scientists then record the resulting events caused by the collision. They hope it will tell us more about how the universe began and what it's made of.
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